Skip to main content

Preamble
Articles
Parts
Schedules
Amendments
Changes

Menu

Preamble
Articles
Parts
Schedules
Amendments
Changes

Articles

Home
Parts
Part V: THE UNION
Article 52

Part V · The President and Vice-President

Article 52 The President of India.

In force

The President of India. There shall be a President of India.

There shall be a President of India.

Previous article51A. Fundamental duties.Next article53. Executive power of the Union.

Part V

52. The President of India.
53. Executive power of the Union.
54. Election of President.
55. Manner of election of President.
56. Term of office of President.
57. Eligibility for re-election.
58. Qualifications for election as President.
59. Conditions of President's office.
60. Oath or affirmation by the President.
61. Procedure for impeachment of the President.
62. Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy.
63. The Vice-President of India.
64. The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States.
65. The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President.
66. Election of Vice-President.
67. Term of office of Vice-President.
68. Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of VicePresident and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy.
69. Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President.
70. Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies.
71. Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President.
72. Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.
73. Extent of executive power of the Union.
74. Council of Ministers to aid and advise President.
75. Other provisions as to Ministers.
76. Attorney-General for India.
77. Conduct of business of the Government of India.
78. Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc.
79. Constitution of Parliament.
80. Composition of the Council of States.
81. Composition of the House of the People.
82. Readjustment after each census.
83. Duration of Houses of Parliament.
84. Qualification for membership of Parliament.
85. Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution.
86. Right of President to address and send messages to Houses.
87. Special address by the President.
88. Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses.
89. The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.
90. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman.
91. Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
92. The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
93. The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People.
94. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
95. Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
96. The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
97. Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
98. Secretariat of Parliament.
99. Oath or affirmation by members.
100. Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.
101. Vacation of seats.
102. Disqualifications for membership.
103. Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
104. Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified.
105. Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof.
106. Salaries and allowances of members.
107. Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
108. Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.
109. Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
110. Definition of “Money Bills”.
111. Assent to Bills.
112. Annual financial statement.
113. Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates.
114. Appropriation Bills.
115. Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
116. Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
117. Special provisions as to financial Bills.
118. Rules of procedure.
119. Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business.
120. Language to be used in Parliament.
121. Restriction on discussion in Parliament.
122. Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament.
123. Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament.
124. Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court.
124A. National Judicial Appointments Commission.
124B. Functions of Commission.
124C. Power of Parliament to make law.
125. Salaries, etc., of Judges.
126. Appointment of acting Chief Justice.
127. Appointment of ad hoc Judges.
128. Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court.
129. Supreme Court to be a court of record.
130. Seat of Supreme Court.
131. Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
131A. Exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to questions as to constitutional validity of Central laws.
132. Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases.
133. Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters.
134. Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters.
134A. Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court.
135. Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court.
136. Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court.
137. Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court.
138. Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
139. Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs.
139A. Transfer of certain cases.
140. Ancillary powers of the Supreme Court.
141. Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts.
142. Enforcement of decrees and orders of the Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc.
143. Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court.
144. Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court.
144A. Special provisions as to disposal of questions relating to constitutional validity of laws.
145. Rules of Court, etc.
146. Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court.
147. Interpretation.
148. Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
149. Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
150. Form of accounts of the Union and of the States.
151. Audit reports.

Explore

Preamble
Articles
Parts
Schedules
Amendments
Upcoming changes

About

About Samvidhan
Sources and licensing

The Constitution of India is public domain under Indian law. Amendment facts are derived from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0, attributed). Bill tracking paraphrases PRS India and sansad.in.

The Record

Constitution text: official edition as on 1 May 2026, verified 31 August 2026
Amendments: 1 to 106, verified 31 August 2026
Bill tracker: starts with the upcoming changes page

Samvidhan is an independent civic project, not a government website.

Search the Constitution

Finds meaning, not just words. The first search downloads a language model.